Breaking strings on a piano is a common occurrence for old pianos, but it can happen to any piano. Usually, this happens when the piano is being tuned. This is usually because the added force to the string is too much that it breaks. Most of the time it isn't the fault of the piano tuner but due to the piano's age and the strings' condition. Since most of the time, it is not the piano tuner's fault that the string broke, the piano owner will have to pay to replace or splice the string. Replacing treble strings is pretty simple and usually not very expensive. For bass strings, however, it is a bigger deal as the strings are wound strings, bigger, and more expensive to buy.
For piano bass strings piano tuners will spice the string whenever possible, if that isn't possible then they replace the string. The two options for replacing piano bass strings are custom strings and universal strings. Custom bass strings are an exact replica of the original broken string. This is done by either entering all the dimensions of the string into the website when buying or sending the string in so they can make an exact replica. This is preferred when dealing with most grand pianos and high-quality upright pianos so you get a string that will sound the same as the other string. For cheaper upright pianos universal bass strings work well enough because it is not worth the money most of the time to get a custom string for the broken one. Ultimately it is up to the customer if they would prefer it to be spliced when possible, or a custom or universal string.
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